Pyrolyser Gas Chromatography (Py-GC) is used for all sample forms. It is a system that does not require pretreatment for the analysis of insoluble substances and trace amounts of polymeric materials.
The EGA/PY 3030D vertical micro-furnace Multi-Shot Pyrolyzer is a very powerful accessory for polymer characterization as it provides information that is difficult to obtain in other methods.
Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (Py-GCMS) can be used to characterize most materials without any sample pretreatment, including trace levels of insoluble and complex materials such as polymers, plastics, rubber, paints, resins, coatings, cellulose, wood and oils.
Pyrolysis is the decomposition of a polymer into smaller molecules by heating at high temperatures. In most cases this is done under an inert atmosphere (without oxygen). Fission of molecular bonds and physical changes occur irreversibly. These smaller molecules obtained by fission in an inert atmosphere are called pyrolysates.
With Shimadzu EGA/PY-3030D Pyrolysis Systems, GC/GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) separation processes are performed down to the last detail.
The analytical system is composed of pyrolyzer, GC (gas chromatography), and MS (mass spectrometry) or other detector. The pyrolyzer decomposes a polymer into smaller molecules, and these molecules are separated by GC, and each molecule separated is detected by MS, giving a pyrogram.
A pyrogram is displayed as total ion chromatogram (TIC) obtained from the sum of all the ions detected by MS or extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) obtained from ions having a particular mass. Pyrogram data contains mass spectra that reflect the chemical structure of each molecule; therefore, each of the molecules (pyrolyzates) can be identified using a mass spectral library.
The state-of-the-art GC/GCMS Pyrolyzer we offer is an oven type pyrolyzer in which a sample in the sample vessel is deposited into a preheated oven (free fall). It has the following advantages over other types:
Filament type pyrolyzer heats a sample tube with a filament; induction type pyrolyzer heats a sample foil by high-frequency magnetic field; and furnace type pyrolyzer heats a sample by dropping a sample cup to a heated furnace.
The filament type has a drawback in temperature accuracy and moreover, a sample may not be uniformly heated, leading to poor reproducibility. Further, high boiling compounds may be absorbed in the transfer line that conveys the pyrolyzates to GC, making it difficult to introduce high boiling compounds to a GC column.
The induction type pyrolyzer should theoretically have a high furnace temperature accuracy; however, a sample cannot be ramp-heated as required for EGA-MS analysis. Further, the way the sample is wrapped with a metal alloy foil can vary and this leads to poor reproducibilities.
The European Union (EU) proclaimed the RoHS (Restriction on Hazardous Substances) Directive in February 2003.
The aim of the RoHS Directive is to eliminate heavy metals, including lead, mercury, cadmium, and hexavalent chrome, and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants from new electrical equipment.
Due to this directive, manufacturers of electrical and electronic equipment must consider the concentration of the above hazardous substances in products introduced into the European market.
With Shimadzu systems, we develop and manufacture a range of tools and provide unmatched support in application development and research methods to assist in configuring a system compliant with RoHS Certification.
The Py-Screener system is designed to screen for phthalate esters in polymers.
The use of phthalate esters in toys and food packaging is currently restricted. Going forward, these are expected to be regulated as restricted substances under the RoHS (II) Directive.
The Py-Screener system consists of custom software, custom standard samples, and a sample toolset that supports the entire process from sample preparation to data collection, data analysis and maintenance. It provides an environment where operations are simple, even for novices.
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